Period+4+Avogadro

//**media type="custom" key="2274339" How did Avogadro use the work of John Dalton to further his explorations? What was Avogadro's greatest achievement, with respect to volumes of gases? What is Avogadro's number, and how was it determined? Aside from his work in the behavior of gases, what were some of Avogadro's other achievements?**//


 * = //**Amedeo Avogadro**// ||
 * = [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Avogadro_Amedeo.jpg/225px-Avogadro_Amedeo.jpg width="186" height="191" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Avogadro_Amedeo.jpg"]] ||

** Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro, conte di Quaregna e di Cerreto **  was an italian savant born in Turin, Italy in 1776. He graduated with a degree in ecclasiastical law in his 20s and began his work right after graduation. He also began to teach science in a high school near his hometown. Avagadro held many experiments that dealt with stattistics, meteorology, and weights. He introuduced the metric system into Turin, Italy. In honor to his many contibutions in the theory of [|molarity]  and molecular weights, the "mole" or number 6.0221367 × 1023 was named Avagadro's Number. This number is used to compute the result of chemical reactions.

Avogadro's number is [|6.221367 x 1023] . If this number was represented by unpopped popcorn kernels, and we spread them all across the United States, it would cover the entire country with popcorn with a depth over 9 miles. Around the year 1860, Canniziarro used Avogadro's number to get get sets of atomic weights. It was based on Oxygen who has an atomic weight of 16. Another way to use Avogadro's number was by Loschmidt. He used a combination of liquid density, gases viscosity, and the kinetic theory of gas. This established the size of molecules and the number of molecules in 1cm3 of gas. Later in the 19th century and early 20th century, other ways were found to determine Avogadro's number. One ways was from sedimentation measurements of colloidal particles. Another was and oil drop experiment done by Mullikan. It had much better values and was used again for many years.  Another of Avagadro's great achievements was the development of the [|Avagadro's]  Law. This law states that the volume of gases, when kept at the same temperature and pressure realtes to their molecular weight. Through this law, you can find a gas's molecular weight by knowing it's volume. An accomplishment of [|John Dalton]  w as his law of multiple proportions published in 1804 that gave rise to the first table of the relative weights of atoms, this greatly aided Avagadro in fomulating his law, also the publication of [|Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac] 's book, which explained the law for the combining volumes of gases, helped him as well. These laws were of great influence on Avogadro's historical publication of 1811, in which he introduced the term "molecule" and created his law. Avogadro clearly distinguished the difference between atoms and molecules. He stated that [|gases]  are composed of molecules, and molecules are composed of atoms. <span style="FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif"> Sadly, this intelligent physicist died on July 9, 1856 in Turin Italy. No one is certain of his cause of death. The world would always remember him for his great contributions and continue to use his number and concepts today.